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Effect of electrokinetic property of charged polyether sulfone membrane on bovine serum albumin fouling

Xiaorong Meng, Shanshan Huo, Lei Wang, Xudong Wang, Yongtao Lv, Weiting Tang, Rui Miao, Danxi Huang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0907-9

摘要： Negatively charged CMPES and positively charged QAPES membranes were fabricated. Charge modification reduced the adhesion forces between PES UF membranes and BSA. QAPES-BSA / was weaker than that of CMPES-BSA at pH 3 and on the contrary at pH 9. Flux decline rate was positively correlated with the adhesion forces of membrane-BSA. Variation of adhesion was consistent with that of potential absolute values. Negatively charged carboxymethylated polyethersulfone (CMPES) and positively charged quaternized polyethersulfone (QAPES) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared by bulk chemical modification and non-solvent induced phase separation method. The effects of PES membrane interfacial electrokinetic property on the bovine serum albumin (BSA) membrane fouling behavior were studied with the aid of the membrane-modified colloidal atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe. Electrokinetic test results indicated that the streaming potential (D ) of QAPES membrane was not consistent with its expected value, however, within the pH range of 3–10, the potentials of two charged-modified PES membranes were more stable than the unmodified membrane. When pH value was 3, 4.7 or 9, the interaction behavior between charged PES membrane and BSA showed that there was significant linear correlation between the jump distance of membrane-BSA adhesion force ( ) and the potential absolute value. Charged modification significantly reduced the adhesion of PES membrane-BSA, and the adhesion data was good linear correlated with the flux decline rate in BSA filtration process, especially reflected in the CMPES membrane. The above experimental facts proved that the charged membrane interfacial electric double layer structure and its electrokinetic property had strong ties with the protein membrane fouling behavior.

关键词： Charged PES UF membrane     BSA     Electrokinetic characterization     Adhesion force     Jump distance    

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Effects of reducing agent and approaching anodes on chromium removal in electrokinetic soil remediation

Xiaona WEI,Shuhai GUO,Bo WU,Fengmei LI,Gang LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 253-261 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0791-0

摘要： A soil remediation method combining in situ reduction of Cr(VI) with approaching anodes electrokinetic (AAs-EK) remediation is proposed. EK experiments were conducted to compare the effect of approaching anodes (AAs) and fixed electrodes (FEs) with and without sodium bisulfite (NaHSO ) as a reducing agent. When NaHSO was added to the soil before EK treatment, 90.3% of the Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III). EK experiments showed that the adverse effect of contrasting migration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species, which limits the practical application of this technique, was eliminated in the presence of the reducing agent. Furthermore, Tessier fractionation analysis indicated that the reducing agent changed the distribution of the chemical forms of Cr. The AAs-EK method was shown to acidize the soil as the anode moved toward the cathode and this acid front pushed the “focusing” region toward the cathode. After remediation, the pH of the soil was between 1.8 and 5.0 in AAs-EK experiments. The total Cr removal efficiency was 64.4% (except in the “focusing” region) when the reduction reaction was combined with AAs-EK method. We conclude that AAs-EK remediation in the presence of NaHSO is an appropriate method for Cr-contaminated soil.

关键词： chromium     reduction reaction     contrasting migration     approaching anode     electrokinetic    

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Effective remediation of organic-metal co-contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic-bioremediation

Fu Chen, Qi Zhang, Jing Ma, Qianlin Zhu, Yifei Wang, Huagen Liang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1401-y

摘要： Abstract • A new EK-BIO technology was developed to decontaminate e-waste contaminated soil. • Adding sodium citrate in electrolyte was a good choice for decontaminating the soil. • The system has good performance with low cost. This work investigates the influence of electrokinetic-bioremediation (EK-BIO) on remediating soil polluted by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals (mainly Cu, Pb and Ni), originated from electronic waste recycling activity. The results demonstrate that most of POPs and metals were removed from the soil. More than 60% of metals and 90% of POPs in the soil were removed after a 30-day EK-BIO remediation assisted by citrate. A citrate sodium concentration of 0.02 g/L was deemed to be suitable because higher citrate did not significantly improve treatment performance whereas increasing dosage consumption. Citrate increased soil electrical current and electroosmotic flow. After remediation, metal residues mainly existed in stable and low-toxic states, which could effectively lower the potential hazard of toxic metals to the surrounding environment and organisms. EK-BIO treatment influenced soil microbial counts, dehydrogenase activity and community structure.

关键词： Electrokinetic     Co-contamination     Debromination    

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Analysis of mobilization of inorganic ions in soil by electrokinetic remediation

Xiaojing LI, Lige WANG, Xueming SUN, Yuansheng CONG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 1463-1473 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0569-8

摘要： Saline soil has imposed a serious threat on many expressway engineering and agricultural areas. This paper describes the performance of saline soil treatment using electrokinetic remediation technology. Comparison study involving sample soil and soil is carried out. Two different electric fields, i.e., uniform and non-uniform are utilized to promote the migration of inorganic ions contained in the soil toward the electrode area. The effects of different electric field types and potential gradient ion migration rate in soil are investigated. The test result reveals that a uniform electric field of a constant potential gradient of 1 V/cm drives the Cl through the sample soil at a rate of 1.36 cm/h. Moreover, larger potential gradients could make ions migrate faster, but more electrical energy is consumed in such a way. Compared with uniform electric field, the non-uniform process maintains the soil pH values more effectively and consumes less electrical energy. A desirable result of removing Na in soil is expected using electrokinetic remediation technology under four-times scaling up of soil volume.

关键词： electromigration     electric fields     saline soil     soil-remediation    

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Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of chromium-contaminated soil using approaching anodes

Shucai LI, Tingting LI, Gang LI, Fengmei LI, Shuhai GUO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第6期   页码 869-874 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0437-4

摘要： As a new technology used for the cleaning of chromium-contaminated soil, worldwide interest in eletrokinetic (EK) remediation has grown considerably in recent times. However, owing to the fact that chromium exists as both cationic and anionic species in the soil, it is not an efficient method. This paper reports upon a study in which a process using approaching anodes (AAs) was used to enhance the removal efficiency of chromium by eletrokinetics. Two bench-scale experiments to remove chromium from contaminated soil were performed, one using a fixed anode (FA) and the other using AAs. In the AAs experiment, the anode moved toward the cathode by 7 cm every three days. After remediation, soil pH, total chromium, and fractionation of chromium in the soil were determined. The average removal efficiency of total chromium was 11.32% and 18.96% in the FA and AAs experiments, respectively. After remediation, acidic soil conditions throughout the soil were generated through the use of AAs, while 80% of the soil remained neutral or alkalic when using the FA approach. The acidic soil environment and high field intensity in the AAs experiment might have favored chromium desorption, dissolution and dissociation from the soil, plus the mobility of chromium in the soil was also enhanced. The results demonstrate that AAs used in the process of EK remediation can enhance the efficiency of chromium removal from soil.

关键词： approaching anodes     chromium-contaminated soil     electrokinetics     chromium fractionation    

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Mechanism and characterization of microplastic aging process: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1700-6

摘要：

● Methods for estimating the aging of environmental micro-plastics were highlighted.

关键词： Microplastics     Aging     Degradation     Characterization     Mechanism    

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An experimental characterization of human torso motion

Daniele CAFOLLA,I-Ming CHEN,Marco CECCARELLI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第10卷 第4期   页码 311-325 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0352-z

摘要：

The torso plays an important role in the human-like operation of humanoids. In this paper, a method is proposed to analyze the behavior of the human torso by using inertial and magnetic sensing tools. Experiments are conducted to characterize the motion performance of the human torso during daily routine operations. Furthermore, the forces acting on the human body during these operations are evaluated to design and validate the performance of a humanoid robot.

关键词： experimental biomechanics     human torso     analysis     inertial sensor     characterization    

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Synthesis and characterization of norfloxacin biomonomer

Shengxiong DONG, Qiaoping CHEN, Hongfang XIE, Jianhua HUANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 55-59 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0537-2

摘要： A novel drug agent named norfloxacin biomonomer was developed in order to solve the problem of low drug content, uneven drug distribution, low molecular weight, and wide molecular weight distribution of polymer drug, based on polyurethane, which was used as an antibacterial agent to control the bacterial infection associated with biofilm formation on polymeric materials used in biologic environments. In this research, norfloxacin biomonomer was synthesized by esterifying the compound of norfloxacin. High-performance liquid chromatography system was used to analyze the purity of the final product and intermediate products, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and mass spectrum were used to verify the final product and intermediate products. The results showed that the objective product was developed successfully. The final product of norfloxacin biomonomer could be incorporated into the polyurethane as chain extender.

关键词： norfloxacin     biomonomer     synthesis     characterization    

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Microplastic and Nanoplastic Pollution: Characterization, Transport, Fate, and Remediation Strategies

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 12-12 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1446-y

摘要： Plastics continues to have a critical and essential role in human society such as food packing, product packages and building materials. In the meantime, it has been recognized as a global sustainability priority to study and mitigate pollution of plastics and the associated unknown impacts from ultrafine plastic particles. Microplastic (<5 mm) particles, for instance, have been detected in the aquatic environment globally and have raised scientific interests and environmental concerns. Microplastics (MPs) can enter rivers through a variety of pathways (e.g., wastewater effluent, breakdown of plastic debris) and can negatively impact aquatic organisms through both direct injection with food and indirect contamination from absorbed toxins. MPs can absorb heavy metals, pathogens, and organic contaminants, mainly persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that can be ingested by organisms and introduced into the food web. Meanwhile, MPs may also release potentially toxic substances (e.g., plasticizers, flame retardants and antimicrobial agents) during weathering and degradation. An increasing number of papers are being published during the last years related to the effects of MPs as well as with synergistic effects when associated with MPs and their byproducts such as nanometer sized plastics or nanoplastics. This special issue successfully garnered a collection of research articles that addressed various topics of microplastic or nanoplastic pollution, characteristic, and environmental fate in the water environment. Particularly, this issue reported the seasonable occurrence and distribution of microplastics in different regions (e.g., China and India) from high-latitude nature reserve to sediments and coastal marine environments. Moreover, new sampling and analytical methodologies (e.g., fluorescent labeling) to identify MPs in diver matrixes (e.g., wastewater, sediment, and biota) are critically reviewed. The information is critical for scientists, business leaders, legislators, and the public are to explore and develop solutions that lessen society’s plastic footprint. We thank all authors, reviewers, and editorial staff of FESE for their efforts and contributions to this special issue. Guest Editors: Wen Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (wen.zhang@njit.edu) Melissa Pasquinelli College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University (melissa_pasquinelli@ncsu.edu) Yang Li School of the Environment Beijing Normal University (liyang_bnu@bnu.edu.cn)
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Comprehensive kinetostatic modeling and morphology characterization of cable-driven continuum robots

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0756-0

摘要： In-situ maintenance is of great significance for improving the efficiency and ensuring the safety of aero-engines. The cable-driven continuum robot (CDCR) with twin-pivot compliant mechanisms, which is enabled with flexible deformation capability and confined space accessibility, has emerged as a novel tool that aims to promote the development of intelligence and efficiency for in-situ aero-engine maintenance. The high-fidelity model that describes the kinematic and morphology of CDCR lays the foundation for the accurate operation and control for in-situ maintenance. However, this model was not well addressed in previous literature. In this study, a general kinetostatic modeling and morphology characterization methodology that comprehensively contains the effects of cable-hole friction, gravity, and payloads is proposed for the CDCR with twin-pivot compliant mechanisms. First, a novel cable-hole friction model with the variable friction coefficient and adaptive friction direction criterion is proposed through structure optimization and kinematic parameter analysis. Second, the cable-hole friction, all-component gravities, deflection-induced center-of-gravity shift of compliant joints, and payloads are all considered to deduce a comprehensive kinetostatic model enabled with the capacity of accurate morphology characterization for CDCR. Finally, a compact continuum robot system is integrated to experimentally validate the proposed kinetostatic model and the concept of in-situ aero-engine maintenance. Results indicate that the proposed model precisely predicts the morphology of CDCR and outperforms conventional models. The compact continuum robot system could be considered a novel solution to perform in-situ maintenance tasks of aero-engines in an invasive manner.

关键词： kinetostatic modeling     morphology characterization     variable friction     continuum robots     in-situ maintenance    

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Preparation and characterization of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts via microwave-hydrothermal method

ZHAO Jinglian, WANG Xinping, ZHAO Liang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 415-420 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0056-2

摘要： The photocatalytic performance of ZnO/ZnS hybrid nanocomposite was largely higher than that of the mere ZnO or ZnS nanoparticles, but the complicated procedure and misdistribution of final products limited its large-scale productions. The exploration of a novel synthesis route of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts with high catalytic performance is becoming a crucial step for the large-scale application of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalytic technique. Preparation and characterization of nanosized ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts were studied in this paper. The photocatalysts were obtained via microwave-hydrothermal crystallization with the help of sodium citrate. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size distribution (PSD), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results indicated that so-synthesized ZnO/ZnS samples consisted of the high pure cubic (sphalerite) ZnS and hexagonal ZnO nanocrystallines with a narrow particle size distribution. The possible formation mechanisms of ZnO/ZnS nanocrystallines were mainly attributed to the superficially protective effect of citrate. The photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that the ZnO/ZnS photocatalysts exhibited a higher catalytic activity for the degradation of acid fuchsine than other monocomponents.

关键词： large-scale     hexagonal     misdistribution     characterization     nanocomposite    

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Mechanical properties characterization of different types of masonry infill walls

André FURTADO, Hugo RODRIGUES, António ARÊDE, Humberto VARUM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 411-434 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0602-y

摘要： It is remarkable, the recent advances concerning the development of numerical modeling frameworks to simulate the infill panels’ seismic behavior. However, there is a lack of experimental data of their mechanical properties, which are of full importance to calibrate the numerical models. The primary objective of this paper is to present an extensive experimental campaign of mechanical characterization tests of infill masonry walls made with three different types of masonry units: lightweight vertical hollow concrete blocks and hollow clay bricks. Four different types of experimental tests were carried out, namely: compression strength tests, diagonal tensile strength tests, and flexural strength tests parallel and perpendicular to the horizontal bed joints. A total amount of 80 tests were carried out and are reported in the present paper. The second objective of this study was to compare the mechanical properties of as-built and existing infill walls. The results presented and discussed herein, will be in terms of strain-stress curves and damages observed within the tests. It was observed a fragile behavior in the panels made with hollow clay horizontal bricks, without propagation of cracks. The plaster increased the flexural strength by 57%.

关键词： masonry infill walls     experimental characterization     compression strength     shear diagonal strength     flexural strength    

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Retraction note to: Synthesis, characterization and assessment thermal properties of clay based nanopigments

Mohammad Banimahd Kievani,Milad Edraki

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 440-440 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1573-3

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Recent advances in gold-metal oxide core-shell nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and their

Michelle Lukosi,Huiyuan Zhu,Sheng Dai

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 39-56 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1551-1

摘要： Heterogeneous catalysis with core-shell structures has been a large area of focus for many years. This paper reviews the most recent work and research in core-shell catalysts utilizing noble metals, specifically gold, as the core within a metal oxide shell. The advantage of the core-shell structure lies in its capacity to retain catalytic activity under thermal and mechanical stress, which is a pivotal consideration when synthesizing any catalyst. This framework is particularly useful for gold nanoparticles in protecting them from sintering so that they retain their size, structure, and most importantly their catalytic efficiency. The different methods of synthesizing such a structure have been compiled into three categories: seed-mediated growth, post selective oxidation treatment, and one-pot chemical synthesis. The selective oxidation of carbon monoxide and reduction of nitrogen containing compounds, such as nitrophenol and nitrostyrene, have been studied over the past few years to evaluate the functionality and stability of the core-shell catalysts. Different factors that could influence the catalyst’s performance are the size, structure, choice of metal oxide shell and noble metal core and thereby the interfacial synergy and lattice mismatch between the core and shell. In addition, the morphology of the shell also plays a critical role, including its porosity, density, and thickness. This review covers the synthesis and characterization of gold-metal oxide core-shell structures, as well as how they are utilized as catalysts for carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation and selective reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds.

关键词： core-shell     characterization     core-shell structure     Different     stability    

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Review of characterization and modeling of polymer electrolyte fuel cell catalyst layer: The blessing

Jun HUANG, Zhe LI, Jianbo ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 334-364 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0490-6

摘要： Ionomer impregnation represents a milestone in the evolution of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) catalyst layers. Ionomer acts as the binder, facilitates proton transport, and thereby drastically improves catalyst utilization and effectiveness. However, advanced morphological and functional characterizations have revealed that up to 60% of Pt nanoparticles can be trapped in the micropores of carbon support particles. Ionomer clusters and oxygen molecules can hardly enter into micropores, leading to low Pt utilization and effectiveness. Moreover, the ionomer thin-films covering Pt nanoparticles can cause significant mass transport loss especially at high current densities. Ionomer-free ultra-thin catalyst layers (UTCLs) emerge as a promising alternative to reduce Pt loading by improving catalyst utilization and effectiveness, while theoretical issues such as the proton conduction mechanism remain puzzling and practical issues such as the rather narrow operation window remain unsettled. At present, the development of PEFC catalyst layer has come to a crossroads: staying ionomer-impregnated or going ionomer-free. It is always beneficial to look back into the past when coming to a crossroads. This paper addresses the characterization and modeling of both the conventional ionomer-impregnated catalyst layer and the emerging ionomer-free UTCLs, featuring advances in characterizing microscale distributions of Pt particles, ionomer, support particles and unraveling their interactions; advances in fundamental understandings of proton conduction and flooding behaviors in ionomer-free UTCLs; advances in modeling of conventional catalyst layers and especially UTCLs; and discussions on high-impact research topics in characterizing and modeling of catalyst layers.

关键词： polymer electrolyte fuel cell     ultra-thin catalyst layer     electrostatic interactions     characterization and modeling     structure-property-performance relation     water management    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effect of electrokinetic property of charged polyether sulfone membrane on bovine serum albumin fouling

Xiaorong Meng, Shanshan Huo, Lei Wang, Xudong Wang, Yongtao Lv, Weiting Tang, Rui Miao, Danxi Huang

期刊论文

Effects of reducing agent and approaching anodes on chromium removal in electrokinetic soil remediation

Xiaona WEI,Shuhai GUO,Bo WU,Fengmei LI,Gang LI

期刊论文

Effective remediation of organic-metal co-contaminated soil by enhanced electrokinetic-bioremediation

Fu Chen, Qi Zhang, Jing Ma, Qianlin Zhu, Yifei Wang, Huagen Liang

期刊论文

Analysis of mobilization of inorganic ions in soil by electrokinetic remediation

Xiaojing LI, Lige WANG, Xueming SUN, Yuansheng CONG

期刊论文

Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of chromium-contaminated soil using approaching anodes

Shucai LI, Tingting LI, Gang LI, Fengmei LI, Shuhai GUO

期刊论文

Mechanism and characterization of microplastic aging process: A review

期刊论文

An experimental characterization of human torso motion

Daniele CAFOLLA,I-Ming CHEN,Marco CECCARELLI

期刊论文

Synthesis and characterization of norfloxacin biomonomer

Shengxiong DONG, Qiaoping CHEN, Hongfang XIE, Jianhua HUANG

期刊论文

Microplastic and Nanoplastic Pollution: Characterization, Transport, Fate, and Remediation Strategies

期刊论文

Comprehensive kinetostatic modeling and morphology characterization of cable-driven continuum robots

期刊论文

Preparation and characterization of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts via microwave-hydrothermal method

ZHAO Jinglian, WANG Xinping, ZHAO Liang

期刊论文

Mechanical properties characterization of different types of masonry infill walls

André FURTADO, Hugo RODRIGUES, António ARÊDE, Humberto VARUM

期刊论文

Retraction note to: Synthesis, characterization and assessment thermal properties of clay based nanopigments

Mohammad Banimahd Kievani,Milad Edraki

期刊论文

Recent advances in gold-metal oxide core-shell nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and their

Michelle Lukosi,Huiyuan Zhu,Sheng Dai

期刊论文

Review of characterization and modeling of polymer electrolyte fuel cell catalyst layer: The blessing

Jun HUANG, Zhe LI, Jianbo ZHANG

期刊论文